Abstract
Background: mRNA coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines are safe and effective, but increasing reports of breakthrough infections highlight the need to vigilantly monitor and compare the effectiveness of these vaccines.
Methods: We retrospectively compared protection against symptomatic infection conferred by mRNA-1273 and BNT162b2 at Mayo Clinic sites from December 2020 to September 2021. We used a test-negative case-control design to estimate vaccine effectiveness (VE) and to compare the odds of symptomatic infection after full vaccination with mRNA-1273 versus BNT162b2, while adjusting for age, sex, race, ethnicity, geography, comorbidities, and calendar time of vaccination and testing.
Findings: Both vaccines were highly effective over the study duration (VE mRNA-1273 : 84.1%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 81.6%-86.2%; VE BNT162b2 : 75.6%, 95% CI: 72.2%-78.7%), but their effectiveness was reduced during July-September (VE mRNA-1273 : 75.6%, 95% CI: 70.1%-80%; VE BNT162b2 : 63.5%, 95% CI: 55.8%-69.9%) as compared to December-May (VE mRNA-1273 : 93.7%, 95% CI: 90.4%-95.9%; VE BNT162b2 : 85.7%, 95% CI: 81.4%-88.9%). Adjusted for demographic characteristics, clinical comorbidities, time of vaccination, and time of testing, the odds of experiencing a symptomatic breakthrough infection were lower after full vaccination with mRNA-1273 than with BNT162b2 (odds ratio: 0.60; 95% CI: 0.55-0.67).
Conclusions: Both mRNA-1273 and BNT162b2 strongly protect against symptomatic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. It is imperative to continue monitoring and comparing available vaccines over time and with respect to emerging variants to inform public and global health decisions.
Funding: This study was funded by nference.
Keywords: BNT162b2; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; comparative effectiveness; mRNA vaccines; mRNA-1273.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, mRNA-1273, mRNA vaccines, BNT162b2, comparative effectiveness, 【초록키워드】 coronavirus disease, Coronavirus disease 2019, Vaccine, coronavirus, vaccination, Vaccines, mRNA-1273, variant, Infection, Comorbidities, Sex, mRNA vaccines, BNT162b2, Ethnicity, Health, mRNA, symptomatic, Effectiveness, Case-control, breakthrough infections, age, Breakthrough infection, respiratory, symptomatic infection, Geography, Odds ratio, Safe, demographic characteristics, study duration, acute respiratory syndrome, Mayo Clinic, 95% CI, acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, 95% confidence interval, MONITOR, effective, highlight, PROTECT, imperative, was reduced, 【제목키워드】 Effectiveness, Comparative, symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection,