Abstract
Background: A rapid decline in immunity and low neutralizing activity against the delta variant in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccinees has been observed. This study describes an outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) breakthrough infections caused by the SARS-CoV-2 delta variant in a psychiatric closed ward.
Methods: Data from epidemic intelligence service officers were utilized to obtain information regarding demographic, vaccination history, and clinical data along with SARS-CoV-2 PCR test results for a COVID-19 outbreak that occurred in a closed psychiatric ward.
Results: Among the 164 residents, 144 (87.8%) received two doses of vaccines and 137 (95.1%) of them received ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine. The mean interval between the second vaccination and COVID-19 diagnosis was 132.77 ± 40.68 days. At the time of detection of the index case, SARS-CoV-2 had spread throughout the ward, infecting 162 of 164 residents. The case-fatality ratio was lower than that in the previously reported outbreak before the vaccination (1.2%, 2/162 vs. 6.9%, P = 0.030). Prolonged hospitalization occurred in 17 patients (11.1%) and was less prevalent in the vaccinated group than in the unvaccinated group (8.5% vs. 25.0%, P = 0.040).
Conclusion: The findings of this study highlight that while vaccination can reduce mortality and the duration of hospitalization, it is not sufficient to prevent an outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 delta variant in the present psychiatric hospital setting.
Keywords: Breakthrough; COVID-19; Psychiatric Hospital; SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, breakthrough, SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant, Psychiatric Hospital, 【초록키워드】 coronavirus disease, SARS-CoV-2, Coronavirus disease 2019, Vaccine, coronavirus, vaccination, Immunity, Hospitalization, hospital, variant, Delta, severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus, delta variant, Spread, Neutralizing activity, Epidemic, COVID-19 outbreak, outbreak, Patient, COVID-19 diagnosis, breakthrough infections, Breakthrough infection, PCR test, demographic, information, ChAdOx1, ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine, Prolonged, dose, Psychiatric Hospital, index case, Psychiatric, acute respiratory syndrome, acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, second vaccination, Clinical data, ward, vaccinees, SARS-CoV-2 PCR test, infecting, duration of hospitalization, Prevent, prevalent, highlight, vaccinee, reduce mortality, SARS-CoV-2 PCR test results, occurred, caused, reported, less, the SARS-CoV-2, 【제목키워드】 Delta, the SARS-CoV-2,