ABSTRACT The spread of the novel virus SARS coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was explosive, with cases first identified in December 2019, and >22 million people infected and >775,000 deaths as of August 2020. SARS-CoV-2 can cause severe respiratory disease in humans leading to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The development of effective clinical interventions, such as antivirals and vaccines that can limit or even prevent the burden and spread of SARS-CoV-2, is a global health priority. Testing of leading antivirals, monoclonal antibody therapies and vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 will require robust animal and cell models of viral pathogenesis. In this Special Article, we discuss the cell-based and animal models of SARS-CoV-2 infection and pathogenesis that have been described as of August 2020. We also outline the outstanding questions for which researchers can leverage animal and cell-based models to improve our understanding of SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis and protective immunity. Taken together, the refinement of models of SARS-CoV-2 infection will be critical to guide the development of therapeutics and vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 to end the COVID-19 pandemic. Summary: This Special Article discusses the current model systems to study the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, the pathogen that causes COVID-19.
【저자키워드】 SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, animal models, MERS-CoV, Cell models, 【초록키워드】 COVID-19, coronavirus disease, Vaccine, therapy, Pathogenesis, Antiviral, antivirals, SARS-COV-2 infection, COVID-19 pandemic, monoclonal antibody, Human, viral pathogenesis, animal model, virus, Spread, Health, Testing, pathogen, protective immunity, death, SARS Coronavirus, Critical, SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis, severe respiratory disease, novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, article, researcher, Prevent, effective, limit, Cell, model system, robust, IMPROVE, described, question, cause, 【제목키워드】 Immunity, animal model, SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis,