Extreme Population Differences in the Human Zinc Transporter ZIP4 (SLC39A4) Are Explained by Positive Selection in Sub-Saharan Africa인간 아연 수송체 ZIP4(SLC39A4)의 극단적인 인구 차이는 사하라 사막 이남의 아프리카에서 양성 선택으로 설명됩니다Research Article Published on 2014-02-202022-09-06 Journal: PLoS Genetics [Category] Communicable Disease, [키워드] absence accompanied acrodermatitis acrodermatitis enteropathica African allele allele frequencies allele frequency Amino acid Author biological function Cell characterized classical computer simulations Concentration deficiency derived allele difference different directional disease phenotype disease risk DNA Evidence explained expression extreme finding fixation found functional Genetic Health HeLa cells homeostasis hotspot Human human population human populations implication intestinal investigated isoform leucine Local locus membrane Mutation natural selection Neanderthal Non-synonymous overexpression pathogen Pathogens polymorphism Population positive Positive selection Protein Recombination reduced reducing regulated Regulation Research Selection selective sweep significantly SLC39A4 sub-Saharan Africa surface protein Trace element transporter valine variant West Zinc zinc deficiency [DOI] 10.1371/journal.pgen.1004128 PMC 바로가기 [Article Type] Research Article
Molecular Characterization of Major Structural Protein Genes of Avian Coronavirus Infectious Bronchitis Virus Isolates in Southern ChinaArticle Published on 2013-12-042022-10-28 Journal: Viruses [Category] Coronavirus, MERS, [키워드] addition amino acid sequence Amino acid sequences Analysis avian coronavirus characterization China circulating conducted detected different driven by Entropy Evolution exhibited FIVE genetic diversity genetic information Genetic variation Genotype IBV indicate Infectious Bronchitis Virus isolate less M gene Major N gene Phylogenetic analysis Phylogenetic tree Positive selection predominant Proteins recombinant Recombination Result strain Topology Vaccine vaccine strain Variation [DOI] 10.3390/v5123007 PMC 바로가기 [Article Type] Article
Patterns of Ancestry, Signatures of Natural Selection, and Genetic Association with Stature in Western African Pygmies서아프리카 피그미족의 조상 패턴, 자연 선택의 서명 및 키와의 유전적 연관성Research Article Published on 2012-04-262022-09-06 Journal: PLoS Genetics [Category] Communicable Disease, [키워드] adaptive African Anatomy ancestry approach association Author average candidate gene chromosome chromosome 3 CISH Cluster cytokine cytokine signaling demography DOCK3 enrichment European Europeans Evolution extreme found Gene Genetic genetic association genetic diversity Genome genomic region globe group growth growth factor growth hormone Height highest Human human population human populations identify Illumina Immunity include indicate inhibit insulin insulin-like growth factor involved Local location loci metabolism natural natural selection neuroendocrine Pathway analysis Pathways pattern phenotypic phenotypic diversity phenotypic variation Physiology Population Positive selection Region regulate reproduction Selection short stature Signaling signaling pathways signature SNP stature target targets the strongest thought tropical unique variant variants Variation [DOI] 10.1371/journal.pgen.1002641 PMC 바로가기 [Article Type] Research Article
Differential stepwise evolution of SARS coronavirus functional proteins in different host speciesResearch Article Published on 2009-03-052022-10-28 Journal: BMC Evolutionary Biology [Category] Coronavirus, [키워드] adaptive addition Amino acid Analysis bat bats China different Epidemic etiological agent events Evolution found functional protein group Host hosts Human Hypothesis indicated introduced late phase NO pathway patients Positive selection Previous studies previous study Protein representing Result SARS Coronavirus SARS-CoV SARS-like-CoV selective Stage Support target the spike protein wet market [DOI] 10.1186/1471-2148-9-52 PMC 바로가기 [Article Type] Research Article
Broadening of Neutralization Activity to Directly Block a Dominant Antibody-Driven SARS-Coronavirus Evolution PathwayResearch Article Published on 2008-11-072022-10-29 Journal: PLoS Pathogens [Category] Coronavirus, [키워드] 80R activity amino acid change analysis Anti-viral Anti-viral therapy Author block caused CDR Combination complementarity determining region component Cytidine deaminase dominant driving effective elicited Epidemic epitope escape mutant escape mutants escape mutation Evidence Evolution found generate human convalescent sera immune immune pressure IMPROVE Infected Infectious disease information introduced investigated Mutagenesis NAb natural infection neutralization neutralization activity neutralizing antibody non-immune outbreak pathway Pathways Positive selection Protein provided response responses against responsible SARS coronavirus SARS-CoV SARS-CoV spike protein Somatic Spike protein strain Strategy Support Therapies transfer Transmission viral variant virus virus viruses while zoonotic zoonotic transmission [DOI] 10.1371/journal.ppat.1000197 PMC 바로가기 [Article Type] Research Article
Adaptive evolution of the spike gene of SARS coronavirus: changes in positively selected sites in different epidemic groupsResearch Article Published on 2006-10-042022-10-28 Journal: BMC Microbiology [Category] Coronavirus, [키워드] acute respiratory syndrome adaptive addition Amino acid changes in characterized contribute coronavirus Course CoV detected different domain Epidemic epidemiological Evolution found greater group groups heptad repeat hosts human host humans membrane fusion occurred outbreak Phylogenetic tree positive Positive selection proportion Protein RBD receptor residue Result reveal S gene S protein SARS-CoV selected selective selective pressure selective sweep spike gene strain subsequent the S protein Transmission two group two groups Variation viral adaptation [DOI] 10.1186/1471-2180-6-88 PMC 바로가기 [Article Type] Research Article