Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a recently emerged and highly contagious virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). As of August 24, 2021, there were more than 212 million confirmed COVID-19 cases and nearly 4.4 million deaths reported globally. Early diagnosis and isolation of infected individuals remains one of the most effective public health interventions to control SARS-CoV-2 spread and for effective clinical management of COVID-19 cases. Currently, SARS-CoV-2 infection is diagnosed presumptively based on clinical symptoms and confirmed by detecting the viral RNA in respiratory samples using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Standard RT-PCR protocols are time consuming, expensive, and technically demanding, which makes them a poor choice for large scale and point-of-care screening in resource-poor settings. Recently developed isothermal nucleic acid amplification tests (iNAAT), antigen and/or serological tests are cost-effective to scale COVID-19 testing at the point-of-care (PoC) and for surveillance activities. This review discusses the development of rapid PoC molecular tools for the detection and surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 infections.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, diagnostics, point-of-care, Surveillance, isothermal amplification (LAMP), sample types, 【초록키워드】 coronavirus disease, serological test, Coronavirus disease 2019, protocol, Clinical symptoms, SARS-COV-2 infection, Diagnosis, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus, RT-PCR, virus, Antigen, Spread, Severe acute respiratory syndrome, early diagnosis, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, polymerase chain reaction, nucleic acid, COVID-19 testing, Viral, Serological tests, Isolation, death, Clinical management, reverse transcription, Viral RNA, molecular, respiratory, nucleic acid amplification, Respiratory samples, SARS-CoV-2 infections, Coronavirus-2, Public health intervention, COVID-19 cases, isothermal, Standard, Chain Reaction, acute respiratory syndrome, acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, clinical symptom, infected individual, infected individuals, activities, contagious, confirmed COVID-19 case, effective, respiratory sample, polymerase chain, reported, diagnosed, cause,