Several SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have received EUAs, but many issues remain unresolved, including duration of conferred immunity and breadth of cross-protection. Adjuvants that enhance and shape adaptive immune responses that confer broad protection against SARS-CoV-2 variants will be pivotal for long-term protection as drift variants continue to emerge. We developed an intranasal, rationally designed adjuvant integrating a nanoemulsion (NE) that activates TLRs and NLRP3 with an RNA agonist of RIG-I (IVT DI). The combination adjuvant with spike protein antigen elicited robust responses to SARS-CoV-2 in mice, with markedly enhanced T H 1-biased cellular responses and high virus-neutralizing antibody titers towards both homologous SARS-CoV-2 and a variant harboring the N501Y mutation shared by B1.1.7, B.1.351 and P.1 variants. Furthermore, passive transfer of vaccination-induced antibodies protected naive mice against heterologous viral challenge. NE/IVT DI enables mucosal vaccination, and has the potential to improve the immune profile of a variety of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidates to provide effective cross-protection against future drift variants.
【저자키워드】 SARS-CoV-2, cross-protection, intranasal vaccine, mucosal adjuvant, nanoemulsion (NE), RIG-I agonist, 【초록키워드】 vaccination, cross-protection, Immunity, antibody, B.1.351, variant, SARS-CoV-2 variant, Immune profile, TLRs, adjuvants, variants, SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, Spike protein, Antigen, RNA, Viral, SARS-CoV-2 variants, mice, immune responses, response, RIG-I, adjuvant, N501Y mutation, Adaptive immune response, homologous, intranasal, Antibody titers, Heterologous, breadth, cellular response, NLRP3, mucosal, Combination, adaptive immune responses, viral challenge, passive transfer, neutralizing antibody titers, candidate, transfer, P.1 variants, TLR, effective, virus-neutralizing antibody, robust, ENhance, IMPROVE, variety, activate, elicited, 【제목키워드】 response, potent, recombinant, induction,