The serological responses to both SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 virus have some unique characteristics that suggest cross-reactive priming by other human coronaviruses (hCoVs). The early kinetics and magnitude of these responses are, in some cases, associated with worse clinical outcomes in SARS and COVID-19. Cross-reactive hCoV antibody responses have been detected in both SARS and COVID-19 patients. There is also evidence that pre-existing T cell immunity to common cold coronaviruses can prime the response to SARS-CoV-2. Studies in non-human primates show that SARS-CoV-1 S-protein vaccine-induced antibodies are associated with acute lung injury in macaques challenged with SARS-CoV-1. Here we discuss the potential of cross-reactive immunity to drive the immunopathogenesis of COVID-19 and its implications for current efforts to develop immune-based therapies and vaccines.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Antibody-dependent enhancement, cross-reactivity, Immunopathogenesis, human coronaviruses, 【초록키워드】 Immunity, Vaccines, Antibody Response, SARS-CoV-2 virus, Lung injury, SARS-CoV-1, acute lung injury, Clinical outcome, T cell, Characteristics, non-human primates, response, Immunopathogenesis, HCoV, macaque, common cold, non-human primate, COVID-19 patients, serological response, macaques, Evidence, S-protein, cross-reactive, in some, effort, common cold coronavirus, priming, HCoVs, common cold Coronaviruses, implication, immune-based therapies, human coronavirus, develop, unique, magnitude, immune-based therapy, vaccine-induced antibody,