Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant has evolved into four sub-lineages-BA.1, BA.1.1, BA.2, and BA.3-with BA.2 becoming dominant worldwide. We and others have reported antibody evasion of BA.1 and BA.2, but side-by-side comparisons of Omicron sub-lineages to vaccine-elicited or monoclonal antibody (mAb)-mediated neutralization are necessary. Using VSV-based pseudovirus, we report that sera from individuals vaccinated by two doses of an inactivated whole-virion vaccine shows weak to no neutralization activity, while homologous or heterologous boosters markedly improve neutralization titers against all Omicron sub-lineages. We also present neutralization profiles against a 20 mAb panel, including 10 authorized or approved, against the Omicron sub-lineages, along with mAb mapping against single or combinatorial spike mutations. Most mAbs lost neutralizing activity, while some demonstrate distinct neutralization patterns among Omicron sub-lineages, reflecting antigenic differences. Collectively, our results suggest the Omicron sub-lineages threaten the neutralization efficacy of current vaccines and antibody therapeutics, highlighting the importance of vaccine boosters.
Keywords: BA.1; BA.1.1; BA.2; BA.3; BBIBP-CorV; Omicron; SARS-CoV-2; antibody; booster; vaccine.
【저자키워드】 SARS-CoV-2, Vaccine, antibody, omicron, BA.1, booster, BA.2, BA.1.1, BA.3, BBIBP-CorV, 【초록키워드】 Efficacy, Vaccine, antibody, neutralization, monoclonal antibody, variant, omicron, Antibody therapeutics, Neutralizing activity, pseudovirus, sera, comparison, spike mutations, lineages, booster, mAbs, inactivated, BBIBP-CorV, neutralization titers, mAb, dose, profile, individual, antigenic, neutralization activity, side, neutralization titer, MOST, dominant, IMPROVE, reported, approved, homologous or heterologous, highlighting,