Abstract
We analyzed antibody response patterns according to the level of disease severity in patients with novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Japan. We analyzed 611 serum specimens from 231 patients with COVID-19 (mild, 170; severe, 31; critical, 30). Immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgG antibodies against nucleocapsid protein (N) and spike 1 protein (S1) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The peaks of fitting curves for the optical density (OD) values of IgM and IgG antibodies against N appeared simultaneously, while those against S1 were delayed compared with N. The OD values of IgM against N and IgG against both N and S1 were significantly higher in the severe and critical cases than in the mild cases at 11 days after symptom onset. The seroconversion rates of IgG were higher than those of IgM against both N and S1 during the clinical course based on the optimal cut-off values defined in this study. The seroconversion rates of IgG and IgM against N and S1 were higher in the severe and critical cases than in the mild cases. Our findings show that a stronger antibody response occurred in COVID-19 patients with greater disease severity and there were low seroconversion rates of antibodies against N and S1 in the mild cases.
Keywords: COVID-19; ELISA; Japan; SARS-CoV-2; antibody.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, antibody, ELISA, Japan, 【초록키워드】 coronavirus disease, IgG, IgM, Coronavirus disease 2019, antibody, disease severity, Antibody Response, novel coronavirus disease, ELISA, nucleocapsid protein, Novel coronavirus, Protein, serum, Clinical course, IgG antibody, Immunoglobulin, IgG antibodies, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, Patient, Japan, Mild, optical, Critical, COVID-19 patient, immunoglobulin M, IgG and IgM, IgM and IgG, optical density, symptom onset, Critical case, enzyme, mild cases, specimen, seroconversion rates, severe and critical cases, seroconversion rate, cut-off value, OD values, greater, defined, analyzed, occurred, significantly higher, low seroconversion rate, mild case, OD value, patients with COVID-19, 【제목키워드】 COVID-19 patient,