Abstract
Background & objectives: The persistence of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 pandemic, partly due to the appearance of highly infectious variants, has made booster vaccinations necessary for vulnerable groups. Here, we present data regarding the decline of the SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine-induced humoral immune response in a monocentric cohort of MS patients.
Methods: 96 MS patients undergoing eight different DMTs, all without previous SARS-CoV-2 infection, were evaluated for anti-Spike IgG levels, 21 days (T1) and 5-6 months (T2) after the second SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine dose. The anti-Spike IgG titre from MS subjects was compared with 21 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC).
Results: When compared with SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels at T2 in HC, we observed comparable levels in interferon-β 1a-, dimethyl fumarate-, teriflunomide- and natalizumab-treated MS subjects, but an impaired humoral response in MS subjects undergoing glatiramer acetate-, cladribine-, fingolimod- and ocrelizumab-treatments. Moreover, comparison between SARS-CoV-2 IgG Spike titre at T1 and T2 revealed a faster decline of the humoral response in patients undergoing dimethyl fumarate-, interferon-β 1a- and glatiramer acetate-therapies, while those receiving teriflunomide and natalizumab showed higher persistence compared to healthy controls.
Conclusion: The prominent decline in humoral response in MS subjects undergoing dimethyl fumarate-, interferon-β 1a- and glatiramer acetate-therapies should be considered when formulating booster regimens as these subjects would benefit of early booster vaccinations.
Keywords: BNT162b2-mRNA vaccine; Coronavirus-19; Disease modifying therapies; Humoral persistence; Multiple sclerosis; SARS-CoV-2 spike protein.
【저자키워드】 multiple sclerosis, Coronavirus-19, SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, BNT162b2-mRNA vaccine, Disease modifying therapies, Humoral persistence, 【초록키워드】 IgG, coronavirus, pandemic, multiple sclerosis, spike, mRNA vaccine, SARS-COV-2 infection, interferon, severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus, variants, Spike protein, BNT162b2, Natalizumab, Cohort, Humoral response, anti-Spike IgG, persistence, SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, Patient, age, humoral immune response, respiratory, fingolimod, patients, SARS-CoV-2 IgG, booster, BNT162b2 mRNA, BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine, Ocrelizumab, booster vaccination, Cladribine, dose, humoral, regimen, dimethyl fumarate, Fingolimod-, acute respiratory syndrome, Teriflunomide, Glatiramer, acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, subject, healthy control, appearance, IgG levels, titre, healthy controls, Glatiramer acetate, Multiple, booster vaccinations, benefit, anti-spike IgG levels, evaluated, eight, receiving, subjects, faster, comparable, groups, SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2, the SARS-CoV-2, 【제목키워드】 SARS-CoV-2, persistence, humoral, long term, subject,