Abstract
The newly emerged severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has infected millions of people and caused tremendous morbidity and mortality worldwide. Effective treatment for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to SARS-CoV-2 infection is lacking, and different therapeutic strategies are under testing. Host humoral and cellular immunity to SARS-CoV-2 infection is a critical determinant for patients’ outcomes. SARS-CoV-2 infection results in seroconversion and production of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. The antibodies may suppress viral replication through neutralization but might also participate in COVID-19 pathogenesis through a process termed antibody-dependent enhancement. Rapid progress has been made in the research of antibody response and therapy in COVID-19 patients, including characterization of the clinical features of antibody responses in different populations infected by SARS-CoV-2, treatment of COVID-19 patients with convalescent plasma and intravenous immunoglobin products, isolation and characterization of a large panel of monoclonal neutralizing antibodies and early clinical testing, as well as clinical results from several COVID-19 vaccine candidates. In this review, we summarize the recent progress and discuss the implications of these findings in vaccine development.
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; convalescent plasma; neutralizing antibody; seroconversion; spike protein; vaccine.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, convalescent plasma, neutralizing antibody, SARS-CoV-2, Spike protein, vaccine., Seroconversion, 【초록키워드】 Treatment, coronavirus disease, convalescent plasma, neutralizing antibody, Coronavirus disease 2019, Vaccine, Vaccine development, coronavirus, COVID-19 vaccine, therapy, Pathogenesis, antibody, Antibody-dependent enhancement, neutralization, SARS-COV-2 infection, Antibody Response, severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus, Clinical features, Population, Spike protein, outcomes, anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, Antibody responses, Seroconversion, Viral, COVID-19 pathogenesis, cellular immunity, viral replication, Research, Patient, Isolation, Rapid, Neutralizing, morbidity and mortality, respiratory, convalescent, Critical, clinical feature, therapeutic strategy, COVID-19 patients, monoclonal, COVID-19 patient, humoral, intravenous, characterization, Candidates, acute respiratory syndrome, acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, rapid progress, acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, clinical testing, implication, caused, suppress, 【제목키워드】 Vaccine, therapy,