Abstract
Background: Vaccination is a promising strategy to protect vulnerable groups like immunocompromised inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] patients from an infection with SARS-CoV-2. These patients may have lower immune responses. Little is known about the cellular and humoral immune response after a SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in IBD patients.
Methods: Totals of 28 patients with IBD and 27 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were recruited at Jena University Hospital. Blood samples were taken before, after the first, and in a subgroup of 11 patients after second dose of a SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Cellular immune response, including IFN-γ and TNF-α response and antibody titres, were analysed.
Results: Overall, 71.4% of the IBD patients and 85.2% of the controls showed levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies above the cutoff of 33.8 BAU/ml [p = 0.329] after the first dose. Even in the absence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, IBD patients showed significant T cell responses after first SARS-CoV-2 vaccination compared with healthy controls, which was not influenced by different immunosuppressive regimens. Associated with the vaccination, we could also detect a slight increase of the TNF production among SARS-CoV-2-reactive TH cells in healthy donorsn [HD] and IBD patients. After the second dose of vaccination, in IBD patients a further increase of humoral immune response in all but one patient was observed.
Conclusions: Already after the first dose of a SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, cellular immune response in IBD patients is comparable to controls, indicating a similar efficacy. However, close monitoring of long-term immunity in these patients should be considered.
Keywords: COVID19; IBD; SARS-CoV-2; cellular immunity; immunosuppression; vaccination.
【저자키워드】 SARS-CoV-2, COVID19, vaccination, Immunosuppression, cellular immunity, IBD, 【초록키워드】 Efficacy, immune response, vaccination, Immunity, Cellular immune response, Immunosuppression, Inflammatory bowel disease, anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, T cell, SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody, cellular immunity, immune responses, Patient, Control, Immunocompromised, age, humoral immune response, group, university, patients, T cell response, SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, IFN-γ, TNF-α, TNF, cellular, immunosuppressive, dose of vaccination, antibody titres, Blood samples, second dose, healthy control, first dose, one patient, slight increase, blood sample, regimens, healthy controls, Cutoff, close monitoring, Th cells, cellular and humoral immune response, controls, Cell, PROTECT, detect, healthy, recruited, analysed, absence, comparable, Total, infection with SARS-CoV-2, 【제목키워드】 response,