Abstract
Antibody titers against SARS-CoV-2 slowly wane over time. Here, we examined how time affects antibody potency. To assess the impact of antibody maturation on durable neutralizing activity against original SARS-CoV-2 and emerging variants of concern (VOCs), we analyzed receptor binding domain (RBD)-specific IgG antibodies in convalescent plasma taken 1-10 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Longitudinal evaluation of total RBD IgG and neutralizing antibody revealed declining total antibody titers but improved neutralization potency per antibody to original SARS-CoV-2, indicative of antibody response maturation. Neutralization assays with authentic viruses revealed that early antibodies capable of neutralizing original SARS-CoV-2 had limited reactivity toward B.1.351 (501Y.V2) and P.1 (501Y.V3) variants. Antibodies from late convalescents exhibited increased neutralization potency to VOCs, suggesting persistence of cross-neutralizing antibodies in plasma. Thus, maturation of the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 potentiates cross-neutralizing ability to circulating variants, suggesting that declining antibody titers may not be indicative of declining protection.
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern; affinity maturation; neutralizing antibody.
【저자키워드】 neutralizing antibody, SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern, Affinity maturation, 【초록키워드】 viruses, convalescent plasma, neutralizing antibody, Neutralizing antibodies, antibody, B.1.351, SARS-COV-2 infection, Antibody Response, SARS-CoV-2 variant, variants of concern, virus, variants, Receptor binding domain, Neutralizing activity, IgG antibody, IgG antibodies, cross-neutralizing antibody, persistence, 501Y.V2, P.1, VOCs, Antibody titer, plasma, Neutralizing, convalescent, Antibody titers, Affinity maturation, Longitudinal evaluation, maturation, specific IgG antibodies, neutralization potency, RBD IgG, neutralization assays, circulating variants, cross-neutralizing antibodies, Affect, analyzed, examined, exhibited, reactivity, the antibody response, cross-neutralizing, declining, 【제목키워드】 COVID-19, breadth, maturation, IMPROVE, convalescent individual, Temporal, circulating SARS-CoV-2 variant,