Abstract
Understanding antibody-based SARS-CoV-2 immunity is critical for overcoming the COVID-19 pandemic and informing vaccination strategies. We evaluated SARS-CoV-2 antibody dynamics over 10 months in 963 individuals who predominantly experienced mild COVID-19. Investigating 2,146 samples, we initially detected SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in 94.4% of individuals, with 82% and 79% exhibiting serum and IgG neutralization, respectively. Approximately 3% of individuals demonstrated exceptional SARS-CoV-2 neutralization, with these “elite neutralizers” also possessing SARS-CoV-1 cross-neutralizing IgG. Multivariate statistical modeling revealed age, symptomatic infection, disease severity, and gender as key factors predicting SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing activity. A loss of reactivity to the virus spike protein was observed in 13% of individuals 10 months after infection. Neutralizing activity had half-lives of 14.7 weeks in serum versus 31.4 weeks in purified IgG, indicating a rather long-term IgG antibody response. Our results demonstrate a broad spectrum in the initial SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibody response, with sustained antibodies in most individuals for 10 months after mild COVID-19.
Keywords: COVID-19; IgG; SARS-CoV-2 infection; antibody kinetics; antibody response; correlates of neutralization; longitudinal cohort; neutralizing antibodies; serum.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, IgG, Neutralizing antibodies, SARS-COV-2 infection, Antibody Response, serum, antibody kinetics, correlates of neutralization, longitudinal cohort, 【초록키워드】 SARS-CoV-2, Neutralizing antibodies, antibody, neutralization, SARS-COV-2 infection, COVID-19 pandemic, disease severity, Antibody Response, Infection, Gender, SARS-CoV-1, SARS-CoV-2 immunity, Spike protein, serum, Neutralizing activity, SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, IgG antibody, SARS-CoV-2 antibody, antibody kinetics, Vaccination strategies, understanding, Mild, age, Neutralizing, Critical, Neutralizing antibody response, SARS-CoV-2 neutralization, symptomatic infection, broad spectrum, individual, multivariate, key factor, virus spike protein, statistical, half-lives, initial, evaluated, demonstrated, individuals, reactivity, purified, sustained, exhibiting, exceptional, cross-neutralizing, half-live, SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibody, 【제목키워드】 Human, Kinetics,