Abstract
Background: The effects of high-intensity immunity on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remain unclear. Antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) are preferentially induced in inpatients with COVID-19 compared with outpatients with milder disease, and immunosuppression is the standard therapy for severe cases. This study investigated the relationship between cross-reactive antibody production against seasonal human coronavirus and the clinical course of COVID-19.
Methods: Among the immunogenic epitopes of SARS-CoV-2, conserved peptides in human coronavirus OC43 were searched and synthesized. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was designed to detect antibodies against synthesized peptides. Antibody titres against S2′ cleavage site epitopes near fusion peptides of SARS-CoV-2 and OC43 were determined in the sera of 126 inpatients with COVID-19. The correlation between antibody titres and clinical data was analysed.
Results: Inpatients with COVID-19 who produced antibodies against OC43 did not develop severe or fatal pneumonia. Antibody titres against the corresponding epitope of SARS-CoV-2 did not differ between inpatients with severe and mild COVID-19. Antibody titres against the OC43 epitope increased more than those against SARS-CoV-2 during the first 2 weeks of COVID-19.
Conclusions: Immunity to seasonal human coronavirus OC43 effectively enhanced recovery from COVID-19. Detecting cross-reactive antibodies to OC43 may help to predict prognosis for patients with COVID-19.
Keywords: Antibody; Cross-reactivity; Fusion peptide; S2ʹ cleavage site; SARS-CoV-2.
【저자키워드】 SARS-CoV-2, antibody, cross-reactivity, fusion peptide, S2ʹ cleavage site, 【초록키워드】 COVID-19, coronavirus disease, SARS-CoV-2, Coronavirus disease 2019, coronavirus, Immunity, Prognosis, Pneumonia, antibody, peptide, Immunosuppression, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus, Severe acute respiratory syndrome, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Epitopes, Clinical course, sera, peptides, severe cases, Mild, cleavage, outpatients, human coronavirus OC43, respiratory, correlation, fusion, fusion peptide, epitope, disease, predict, OC43, cross-reactive antibodies, Antibody titre, Coronavirus-2, Outpatient, Standard therapy, cross-reactive antibody, Inpatients, Inpatient, acute respiratory syndrome, acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, antibody titres, Clinical data, enzyme, acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2, help, titre, cleavage site, immunogenic, Effect, human coronavirus, produced, not differ, detect, develop, conserved, investigated, analysed, searched, patients with COVID-19, with COVID-19, 【제목키워드】 COVID-19, Deterioration, mitigate,