Abstract
Exposure histories to SARS-CoV-2 variants and vaccinations will shape the specificity of antibody responses. To understand the specificity of Delta-elicited antibody immunity, we characterize the polyclonal antibody response elicited by primary or mRNA vaccine-breakthrough Delta infections. Both types of infection elicit a neutralizing antibody response focused heavily on the receptor-binding domain (RBD). We use deep mutational scanning to show that mutations to the RBD’s class 1 and class 2 epitopes, including sites 417, 478, and 484-486 often reduce binding of these Delta-elicited antibodies. The anti-Delta antibody response is more similar to that elicited by early 2020 viruses than the Beta variant, with mutations to the class 1 and 2, but not class 3 epitopes, having the largest effects on polyclonal antibody binding. In addition, mutations to the class 1 epitope (e.g., K417N) tend to have larger effects on antibody binding and neutralization in the Delta spike than in the D614G spike, both for vaccine- and Delta-infection-elicited antibodies. These results help elucidate how the antigenic impacts of SARS-CoV-2 mutations depend on exposure history.
【초록키워드】 viruses, antibodies, Vaccine, vaccination, Mutation, antibody, mRNA vaccine, neutralization, Antibody Response, variant, SARS-CoV-2 variant, Infection, Delta, virus, specificity, Epitopes, Antibody responses, Antibody binding, infections, Receptor-binding domain, SARS-CoV-2 variants, RBD, K417N, mRNA, Impact, D614G, Beta, SARS-CoV-2 mutations, SARS-CoV-2 mutation, Beta variant, epitope, Neutralizing antibody response, binding, Vaccinations, exposure, polyclonal antibody, antigenic, help, class, antibody immunity, Effect, responses, polyclonal, addition, elicit, the RBD, the receptor-binding domain, reduce, elicited, 【제목키워드】 SARS-CoV-2, Antibody Response, delta variant, antibody epitope, induce,