Abstract
Shortness of breath, chest pain, and palpitations occur as postacute sequelae of COVID-19, but whether symptoms are associated with echocardiographic abnormalities, cardiac biomarkers, or markers of systemic inflammation remains unknown. In a cross-sectional analysis, we assessed symptoms, performed echocardiograms, and measured biomarkers among adults more than 8 weeks after confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. We modeled associations between symptoms and baseline characteristics, echocardiographic findings, and biomarkers using logistic regression. We enrolled 102 participants at a median of 7.2 months following COVID-19 onset; 47 individuals reported dyspnea, chest pain, or palpitations. Median age was 52 years, and 41% of participants were women. Female sex, hospitalization, IgG antibody against SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain, and C-reactive protein were associated with symptoms. Regarding echocardiographic findings, 4 of 47 participants (9%) with symptoms had pericardial effusions compared with 0 of 55 participants without symptoms; those with effusions had a median of 4 symptoms compared with a median of 1 symptom in those without effusions. There was no strong evidence for a relationship between symptoms and echocardiographic functional parameters or other biomarkers. Among adults more than 8 weeks after SARS-CoV-2 infection, SARS-CoV-2 RBD antibodies, markers of inflammation, and, possibly, pericardial effusions are associated with cardiopulmonary symptoms. Investigation into inflammation as a mechanism underlying postacute sequelae of COVID-19 is warranted.
Keywords: COVID-19; Cardiology; Cardiovascular disease; Cellular immune response.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, Cardiology, Cellular immune response, cardiovascular disease, 【초록키워드】 antibodies, Inflammation, immune response, Biomarker, Biomarkers, Cardiology, Hospitalization, Cellular immune response, SARS-COV-2 infection, Cardiopulmonary, Sex, C-reactive protein, cardiovascular disease, Symptom, Symptoms, SARS-CoV-2 receptor, Receptor binding domain, cardiovascular, IgG antibody, Dyspnea, breath, Logistic regression, age, systemic inflammation, women, mechanism, association, marker, Evidence, investigation, chest pain, SARS-CoV-2 RBD, Shortness of breath, baseline characteristics, median age, individual, cross-sectional analysis, participant, Abnormalities, binding domain, echocardiograms, parameter, palpitation, palpitations, echocardiographic findings, enrolled, performed, reported, median, functional, occur, echocardiographic, 【제목키워드】 antibodies, Cardiopulmonary, inflammatory markers, Symptom, role, echocardiographic finding,