Abstract
Objectives: To report clinical outcome, development of humoral and T-cell mediated immunity in convalescent COVID-19 people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) treated with ofatumumab in the ALITHIOS study from a single center.
Methods: Testing for SARS-Cov2 IgG antibodies was performed on two occasions with at least three months apart between the two testing. During the second antibody testing, interferon-γ ELISpot was used to assess cellular immunity.
Results: All four subjects had mild COVID-19 infection without any sequelae. In all subjects except subject 2, COVID-19 was confirmed with PCR. Subjects 1, 2 and 4 had normal levels of IgM and IgG without measurable counts of CD19 cells prior to COVID-19. Subject 3 administered the last dose of ofatumumab 24 days prior to COVID-19 symptoms, but had a gap of 28 weeks of ofatumumab application beforehand due to low IgM levels. Subject 4 received COVID-19 vaccinations before second testing, so second testing and T-cell immunity testing were not performed. Subjects who were CD19 depleted did not had measurable levels of SARS-Cov2 IgG antibodies. Subject 3 had first and second SARS-COV2 titer of 118 U/ml and > 250 U/ml, respectively. All three pwMS showed T cell immunity against SARS-CoV-2. Quotient of basal spots divided by interferon-γ secreting spot forming units were 4, 8 and 14.7 SI in subjects 1, 2 and 3, respectively (>3 considered reactive).
Conclusion: While no antibody response was observed in pwMS who were CD19+ lymphocyte depleted, T cell immunity against SARS-CoV-2 was observed in all three pwMS treated with ofatumumab.
Keywords: Antibodies; COVID-19; Multiple sclerosis; Ofatumumab; T-cell immunity.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, antibodies, multiple sclerosis, T-cell immunity, Ofatumumab, 【초록키워드】 SARS-CoV-2, IgM, Antibody testing, Immunity, multiple sclerosis, Antibody Response, interferon, Clinical outcome, lymphocyte, T cell, Testing, IgG antibody, PCR, COVID-19 vaccination, COVID-19 infection, IgG antibodies, cellular immunity, Mild, ELISPOT, T-cell, convalescent, COVID-19 symptoms, T-cell immunity, Ofatumumab, dose, humoral, CD19, IgM and IgG, not performed, interferon-γ, subject, all subjects, single center, U/mL, CD19+, Multiple, while, COVID-19 vaccinations, Administered, Cell, reactive, Quotient, mediated immunity, performed, was used, was performed, treated, secreting, all subject, four subject, 【제목키워드】 convalescent, treated,