Abstract
Recently identified severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants Mu and C.1.2 have spike proteins with mutations that may confer resistance to natural and vaccine-elicited antibodies. Analysis of neutralizing antibody titers in the sera of vaccinated individuals without previous history of infection and from convalescent individuals show partial resistance of the viruses. In contrast, sera from individuals with a previous history of SARS-CoV-2 infection who were subsequently vaccinated neutralize variants with titers 4- to 11-fold higher, providing a rationale for vaccination of individuals with previous infection. The heavily mutated C.1.2 spike is the most antibody neutralization-resistant spike to date; however, the avidity of C.1.2 spike protein for angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is low. This finding suggests that the virus evolved to escape the humoral response but has a decrease in fitness, suggesting that it may cause milder disease or be less transmissible. It may be difficult for the spike protein to evolve to escape neutralizing antibodies while maintaining high affinity for ACE2.
Keywords: ACE2; Ad26.COV2.S; C.1.2; COVID-19; Moderna mRNA-1273; Mu; Pfizer BNT162b2; SARS-CoV-2; antibodies; vaccine.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, antibodies, SARS-CoV-2, ACE2, Vaccine, Ad26.COV2.S, Mu, Pfizer BNT162b2, Moderna mRNA-1273, C.1.2, 【초록키워드】 viruses, neutralizing antibody, Vaccine, coronavirus, vaccination, Mutation, Neutralizing antibodies, antibody, SARS-COV-2 infection, variant, Infection, severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus, virus, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, variants, Spike protein, BNT162b2, Pfizer, Ad26.COV2.S, Humoral response, mRNA, sera, fitness, avidity, respiratory, disease, Antibody titers, Moderna, Neutralizing antibody titer, Angiotensin-converting enzyme, angiotensin, Spike proteins, titers, humoral, acute respiratory syndrome, acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, neutralizing antibody titers, individual, rationale, high affinity, Ad26, vaccinated individuals, convalescent individuals, COV2.S, vaccinated individual, decrease, neutralize, convalescent individual, less, the spike protein, mutated, 【제목키워드】 antibody, neutralization, SARS-CoV-2 variant, infected individual,