Abstract
New emerging viruses belonging to the Coronaviridae , Flaviviridae , and Filoviridae families are serious threats to public health and represent a global concern. The surveillance to monitor the emergence of new viruses and their transmission is an important target for public health authorities. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an excellent example of a pathogen able to cause a pandemic. In a few months, SARS-CoV-2 has spread globally from China, and it has become a world health problem. Gammadelta (γδ) T cell are sentinels of innate immunity and are able to protect the host from viral infections. They enrich many tissues, such as the skin, intestines, and lungs where they can sense and fight the microbes, thus contributing to the protective immune response. γδ T cells perform their direct antiviral activity by cytolytic and non-cytolytic mechanisms against a wide range of viruses, and they are able to orchestrate the cellular interplay between innate and acquired immunity. For their pleiotropic features, γδ T cells have been proposed as a target for immunotherapies in both cancer and viral infections. In this review, we analyzed the role of γδ T cells in emerging viral infections to define the profile of the response and to better depict their role in the host protection.
Keywords: antiviral activity; coronaviruses; filoviruses; flaviviruses; gammadelta T cells; innate immunity.
【저자키워드】 Coronaviruses, antiviral activity, innate immunity., filoviruses, flaviviruses, gammadelta T cells, 【초록키워드】 viruses, public health, SARS-CoV-2, viral infection, pandemic, Immunity, Antiviral, Innate immunity, T cells, threat, Immunotherapy, Cancer, lung, Transmission, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2, antiviral activity, severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus, viral infections, Spread, China, Severe acute respiratory syndrome, T cell, Health, Features, pathogen, Surveillance, Lungs, target, skin, acquired immunity, Coronaviridae, mechanism, Coronavirus-2, cellular, filoviruses, health problem, acute respiratory syndrome, acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, tissues, immunotherapies, profile, protective immune response, intestines, public health authorities, microbes, MONITOR, Host, Flaviviridae, Filoviridae, PROTECT, analyzed, virus, example, to define, contributing to, the Coronaviridae, New, pleiotropic, cytolytic,