Abstract
Viral infections pose a severe threat to humans by causing many infectious, even fatal, diseases, such as the current pandemic disease (COVID-19) since 2019, and understanding how the host innate immune system recognizes viruses has become more important. Endosomal and cytosolic sensors can detect viral nucleic acids to induce type I interferon and proinflammatory cytokines, subsequently inducing interferon-stimulated genes for restricting viral infection. Although viral RNA and DNA sensing generally rely on diverse receptors and adaptors, the crosstalk between DNA and RNA sensing is gradually appreciated. This minireview highlights the overlap between the RNA- and DNA-sensing mechanisms in antiviral innate immunity, which significantly amplifies the antiviral innate responses to restrict viral infection and might be a potential novel target for preventing and treating viral diseases.
Keywords: Crosstalk; DNA sensing; RNA sensing; Type I interferon; Viral infection.
【저자키워드】 viral infection, Crosstalk, type I interferon, RNA sensing, DNA sensing, 【초록키워드】 COVID-19, viral infection, Crosstalk, Cytokines, Diseases, Antiviral, Innate immunity, Human, Infection, virus, viral infections, type I interferon, RNA, innate immune system, DNA, nucleic acids, Viral RNA, receptor, proinflammatory cytokines, Viral diseases, mechanism, interferon-stimulated genes, innate response, overlap, viral nucleic acid, pandemic disease, viral nucleic acids, interferon-stimulated gene, Host, DNA and RNA, highlight, endosomal, adaptors, detect, significantly, amplify, recognize, restrict, induce, Type, cytosolic, 【제목키워드】 mechanism,