Abstract
Background: The cross-reactive antibody response against seasonal human coronaviruses (HCoVs) was evaluated according to disease severity in patients with COVID-19 in Japan.
Methods: In total, 194 paired serum samples collected from 97 patients with COVID-19 (mild, 35; severe, 62) were analyzed on admission and during convalescence. IgG antibodies against the nucleocapsid (N) and spike (S) proteins of SARS-CoV-2 and four seasonal HCoVs (HCoV-NL63, -229E, -OC43, and -HKU1) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.
Results: There was no difference in optical density (OD) values for seasonal HCoVs on admission between the severe and mild cases. In addition, a specific pattern of disease severity-associated OD values for HCoVs was not identified. Significant increases in OD values from admission to convalescence for HCoV-HKU1and -OC43 IgG-S, and for HCoV-NL63 and -229E IgG-N were observed in the severe cases. Significant differences were observed between the mild and severe cases for HCoV-HKU1 and -OC43 IgG-S OD values during convalescence. Correlations were found between the fold changes for HCoV-OC43 IgG-S OD values, and for SARS-CoV-2 IgG-S OD values, and C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase, and lymphocyte levels.
Conclusion: There was no association between the antibody titer for seasonal HCoVs in the early phase of COVID-19 and disease severity.
Keywords: COVID-19; Japan; SARS-CoV-2; antibody; cross-reactivity; seasonal human coronavirus.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, antibody, cross-reactivity, Japan, seasonal human coronavirus., 【초록키워드】 coronavirus, antibody, disease severity, HCoV-OC43, HCoV-HKU1, C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase, cross-reactivity, Human coronavirus, Protein, lymphocyte, IgG antibody, IgG antibodies, nucleocapsid, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, HCoV, Antibody titer, severe cases, Japan, Mild, convalescence, optical, NL63, disease, Admission, OC43, HKU1, HCoV-NL63, 229E, association, Lactate, cross-reactive antibody, optical density, Fold change, significant differences, serum samples, enzyme, no difference, early phase, mild cases, Severe case, correlations, Fold changes, OD values, HCoVs, serum sample, human coronavirus, analyzed, collected, addition, evaluated, Significant, increases in, OD value, patients with COVID-19, 【제목키워드】 humoral immune response, COVID-19 patient, human coronavirus,