Abstract
How immune dysregulation affects recovery from COVID-19 infection in patients with cancer remains unclear. We analyzed cellular and humoral immune responses in 103 patients with prior COVID-19 infection, more than 20% of whom had delayed viral clearance. Delayed clearance was associated with loss of antibodies to nucleocapsid and spike proteins with a compensatory increase in functional T cell responses. High-dimensional analysis of peripheral blood samples demonstrated increased CD8 + effector T cell differentiation and a broad but poorly converged COVID-specific T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire in patients with prolonged disease. Conversely, patients with a CD4 + dominant immunophenotype had a lower incidence of prolonged disease and exhibited a deep and highly select COVID-associated TCR repertoire, consistent with effective viral clearance and development of T cell memory. These results highlight the importance of B cells and CD4 + T cells in promoting durable SARS-CoV-2 clearance and the significance of coordinated cellular and humoral immunity for long-term disease control.
Keywords: CD20; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; T cell; cancer; convalescent; rituximab.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Cancer, T cell, convalescent, rituximab., CD20, 【초록키워드】 antibody, T cells, B cells, CD4, CD8, viral clearance, rituximab, Spike protein, Peripheral blood, B cell, Humoral immunity, T cell, COVID-19 infection, nucleocapsid, immune responses, disease control, T cell responses, Patient, humoral immune response, incidence, convalescent, TCR, T cell receptor, disease, CD20, cellular, Analysis, Spike proteins, immune dysregulation, dysregulation, Patients with cancer, peripheral blood samples, SARS-CoV-2 clearance, T cell memory, clearance, dominant, prolonged disease, Affect, Delayed, effective, highlight, analyzed, exhibited, functional, demonstrated, increase in, 【제목키워드】 response, CD8 T cell, robust, Impaired,