Abstract
In around 10% of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients, coronavirus disease-2019 (Covid-19) symptoms are complicated with a severe lung damage called Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), which is often lethal. ARDS is mainly associated with an uncontrolled overproduction of immune cells and cytokines, called “cytokine storm syndrome”; it appears 7-15 days following the onset of symptoms, leading to systemic inflammation and multiple organ failure. Because they are well-known metabolic precursors of specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs), omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 LC-PUFAs) could help improve the resolution of the inflammatory balance, limiting therefore the level and duration of the critical inflammatory period. Omega-3 LC-PUFAs may also interact at different stages of the viral infection, notably on the virus entry and replication. In the absence of demonstrated treatment and while waiting for vaccine possibility, the use of omega-3 LC-PUFAs deserve therefore to be considered, based on previous clinical studies suggesting that omega-3 supplementation could improve clinical outcomes of critically ill patients at the acute phase of ARDS. In this context, it is crucial to remind that the omega-3 PUFA dietary intake levels in Western countries remains largely below the current recommendations, considering both the omega-3 precursor α-linolenic acid (ALA) and long chain derivatives such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). An optimized omega-3 PUFAs status could be helpful to prevent infectious diseases, including Covid-19.
Keywords: Docosopentaenoic acid; Eicosapentaenoic acid; Immunity; Lipid; Virus; α-linolenic acid.
【저자키워드】 Immunity, virus, Docosopentaenoic acid, Eicosapentaenoic acid, Lipid, α-linolenic acid., 【초록키워드】 Treatment, coronavirus disease, Respiratory distress syndrome, viral infection, ARDS, Vaccine, coronavirus, Cytokines, Infectious diseases, Diseases, acute respiratory distress syndrome, omega-3, Symptom, Cytokine storm syndrome, clinical outcomes, Replication, Viral, Critically ill, virus entry, immune cells, EPA, systemic inflammation, multiple organ failure, respiratory, Critical, critically ill patients, Fatty acid, recommendations, clinical study, Eicosapentaenoic acid, Lipid, Inflammatory, Immune cell, lung damage, balance, mediators, fatty acids, respiratory distress, Critically ill patient, dietary intake, Omega, Omega-3 PUFAs, docosahexaenoic acid, SARS-CoV-2 infected patients, acute phase, help, Stage, precursor, derivative, omega-3 supplementation, PUFAs, country, Prevent, lipid mediator, Polyunsaturated, omega-3 PUFA, IMPROVE, appear, absence, demonstrated, onset of symptoms, improve clinical outcome, 【제목키워드】 help, reduce, severe complication, fatty,