The Importance of Hepatitis B Antigen Screening in Pregnancy

In the United States, pregnant women are screened for hepatitis B antigen because of the significant risk of perinatal vertical transmission of hepatitis to the fetus. It is important that the maternal hepatitis B antigen screen is documented in the medical record to ensure appropriate prophylaxis for the neonate. The purpose of this column is to discuss the pathophysiology of hepatitis B, as well as the screening process and prophylaxis for the neonate.