Background: This study aims to comparatively analyze clinical features, treatment and patient outcomes between the previous and the 2022 mpox (monkeypox) outbreaks.
Methods: Five bibliographic databases were searched for studies reporting clinical features, management and patient outcomes of mpox. Systematic review and meta-analysis were performed.
Results: In total, 73 studies were included in the systematic review, of which 33 studies were subjected to meta-analysis. Previous outbreaks substantially affected children, whereas the 2022 outbreak primarily affected male adults, of which 94.66% (95% confidence interval (CI), 88.03-98.95) were men who have sex with men. Furthermore, 72.47% (95%CI, 51.04-89.71) performed high-risk sexual activity and the overall HIV prevalence was 37.65% (95%CI, 30.09-45.50). Skin lesions remain the typical symptom, however their anatomic distribution differs. Systemic manifestations are common, but rectal pain was unique to the 2022 outbreak. The estimated overall fatality during past outbreaks in Africa is 4.61% (95%CI, 2.39-7.35), whereas 6.34% (95%CI, 3.35-10.10) patients from the 2022 outbreak required hospitalization. Antiviral treatment in particular tecovirimat has been prescribed for a subset of patients, but the efficacy remains inconclusive.
Conclusions: These findings are important for better understanding the disease and guiding adequate response to mpox outbreaks.
【저자키워드】 Symptoms, Treatment., outcomes, Sexual Activity, mpox,