Abstract
The immense interindividual clinical variability during any infection is a long-standing enigma. Inborn errors of IFN-γ and IFN-α/β immunity underlying rare infections with weakly virulent mycobacteria and seasonal influenza virus have inspired studies of two common infections: tuberculosis and COVID-19. A TYK2 genotype impairing IFN-γ production accounts for about 1% of tuberculosis cases, and autoantibodies neutralizing IFN-α/β account for about 15% of critical COVID-19 cases. The discovery of inborn errors and mechanisms underlying rare infections drove the identification of common monogenic or autoimmune determinants of related common infections. This “rare-to-common” genetic and mechanistic approach to infectious diseases may be of heuristic value.
【초록키워드】 COVID-19, Infectious diseases, Immunity, Tuberculosis, Influenza, Genetic, Infection, Influenza virus, Infectious disease, virus, infections, autoantibodies, Genotype, Neutralizing, Autoimmune, Critical, mechanism, IFN-γ, COVID-19 cases, autoantibody, determinant, Seasonal influenza, Inborn errors, clinical variability, virulent, IFN-α/β, TYK2, approach, impairing, Inborn error, 【제목키워드】 Immunity, determinant, disorder,