Impact of hepatitis B virus infection on maternal and infant outcomes of women with gestational diabetes mellitus: A three-year retrospective study

Aims: To explore the impact of HBV infection on maternal and infant outcomes of GDM women.
Methods: We retrospectively identified 8126 women with GDM in China from July 2017 to June 2020, and divided them into GDM with HBV infection group (n = 483) and GDM with non-HBV infection group (n = 7643). Two sample t-test and Chi-square test were used to compare differences between groups. Logistic regression models were used to explore the association between HBV infection and maternal and infant outcomes.
Results: Placental abruption (PA), (2.3% vs. 1.0%, P = 0.008), placenta previa (4.3% vs. 2.8% p = 0.044), intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP), (6.4% vs. 3.0%, P < 0.001), cesarean section (52.0% vs. 46.0%, P = 0.011), fetal chromosomal abnormalities (1.2% vs. 0.4%, P = 0.021), and neonatal hyperglycemia (1.9% vs. 3.6%, P = 0.047) were more likely to occur in GDM with HBV infection group. After adjusting for the covariates, HBV infection was found to be associated with ICP (aOR, 2.35; 95% CI: [1.58-3.50]), PA (aOR, 2.34; 95% CI: 1.22-4.47), and fetal chromosomal abnormalities (aOR, 2.88; 95% CI: 1.18-7.03).
Conclusions: HBV infection was associated with part of maternal and infant outcomes in the GDM population.