Abstract
Little is known about the genetics of norm violation and aggression in relation to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). To investigate this, we used summary statistics from genome-wide association studies and linkage disequilibrium score regression to calculate a matrix of genetic correlations (r gs ) for antisocial behavior (ASB), COVID-19, and various health and behavioral traits. After false-discovery rate correction, ASB was genetically correlated with COVID-19 (r g = 0.51; P = 1.54E-02) and 19 other traits. ASB and COVID-19 were both positively genetically correlated with having a noisy workplace, doing heavy manual labor, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and genitourinary diseases. ASB and COVID-19 were both inversely genetically correlated with average income, education years, healthspan, verbal reasoning, lifespan, cheese intake, and being breastfed as a baby. But keep in mind that r gs are not necessarily causal. And, if causal, their prevailing directions of effect (which causes which) are indiscernible from r gs alone. Moreover, the SNP-heritability ([Formula: see text]) estimates for two measures of COVID-19 were very small, restricting the overlap of genetic variance in absolute terms between ASB and COVID-19. Nonetheless, our findings suggest that those with antisocial tendencies possibly have a higher risk of exposure to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) than those without antisocial tendencies. This may have been especially true early in the pandemic before vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 were available and before the emergence of the highly transmissible Omicron variant.
【초록키워드】 COVID-19, coronavirus disease, SARS-CoV-2, Coronavirus disease 2019, Vaccine, coronavirus, pandemic, Diseases, Genetic, variant, severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus, omicron, genetics, Health, Genome-wide association studies, Genome-wide association study, estimate, correlation, baby, pulmonary disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Linkage disequilibrium, obstructive pulmonary disease, exposure to, matrix, acute respiratory syndrome, higher risk, overlap, acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, average, measure, traits, mind, text, false-discovery rate, aggression, antisocial, antisocial behavior, average income, correlated, cause, chronic obstructive, calculate, verbal, with COVID-19, 【제목키워드】 COVID-19, genomic,