The SARS-CoV-2 infection causes severe immune disruption. However, it is unclear if disrupted immune regulation still exists and pertains in recovered COVID-19 patients. In our study, we have characterized the immune phenotype of B cells from 15 recovered COVID-19 patients, and found that healthy controls and recovered patients had similar B-cell populations before and after BCR stimulation, but the frequencies of PBC in patients were significantly increased when compared to healthy controls before stimulation. However, the percentage of unswitched memory B cells was decreased in recovered patients but not changed in healthy controls upon BCR stimulation. Interestingly, we found that CD19 expression was significantly reduced in almost all the B-cell subsets in recovered patients. Moreover, the BCR signaling and early B-cell response were disrupted upon BCR stimulation. Mechanistically, we found that the reduced CD19 expression was caused by the dysregulation of cell metabolism. In conclusion, we found that SARS-CoV-2 infection causes immunodeficiency in recovered patients by downregulating CD19 expression in B cells via enhancing B-cell metabolism, which may provide a new intervention target to cure COVID-19.
【저자키워드】 Adaptive immunity, Immunological disorders, 【초록키워드】 COVID-19, SARS-COV-2 infection, immune regulation, immunodeficiency, B cells, memory B cells, Intervention, metabolism, immune, Population, B cell, Patient, recovered patients, expression, memory B cell, BCR, B-cell, Stimulation, Signaling, Recovered COVID-19 patients, Frequency, CD19, dysregulation, Immune phenotype, frequencies, healthy control, healthy controls, cell metabolism, B-cell response, significantly increased, recovered patient, caused, significantly, reduced, characterized, cause, changed, subset, downregulating, 【제목키워드】 B cell, expression, B-cell, recovered patient, cause, downregulating,