Graphical abstract COVID-19, the greatest public health emergency of the 21st century, has affected 215 countries and territories around the world resulting in 15,151,738 confirmed cases and 621,121 deaths. The outbreak has continued at breakneck pace despite stringent public health measures, ravaging the global economy and causing profound human casualties. Vaccination is currently the best bet for the prevention of COVID-19. Still, in its absence, there has been considerable interest in repurposing existing therapeutic agents to reduce the severity of the illness and ease the burden on the already strained healthcare systems. This review outlines the current evidence regarding proposed treatments- experimental or repurposed, for COVID-19, and gives an insight into the clinical trial landscape for drugs as well as vaccines.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, coronavirus, Vaccines, COVID-19, Coronavirus disease 2019, SARS-CoV-2, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, drugs, clinical trials, RdRp, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome, SARS, Severe acute respiratory syndrome, MERS, Middle East respiratory syndrome, WHO, World Health Organization, PPE, Personal protective equipment, RAS, Renin-angiotensin system, ICTV, International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses, ACE2, Angiotensin I converting enzyme 2, TNFα, tumor necrosis factor α, MCP-1, monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1, IL-6, interleukin 6, NK, natural killer cells, R0, reproductive ratio, SI, Serial Interval, ATII, alveolar Type II cells, TMPRSS2, type-2 transmembrane serine protease, S protein, viral spike protein, aAPC, artificial antigen-presenting cells, CP, Convalescent Plasma therapy, CRS, Cytokine-release syndromes, ADR, Adverse Drug Reactions,