The COVID-19 pandemic has established an unparalleled necessity to rapidly find effective treatments for the illness; unfortunately, no specific treatment has been found yet. As this is a new emerging chaotic situation, already existing drugs have been suggested to ameliorate the infection of SARS-CoV-2. The consumption of caffeine has been suggested primarily because it improves exercise performance, reduces fatigue, and increases wakefulness and awareness. Caffeine has been proven to be an effective anti-inflammatory and immunomodulator. In airway smooth muscle, it has bronchodilator effects mainly due to its activity as a phosphodiesterase inhibitor and adenosine receptor antagonist. In addition, a recent published document has suggested the potential antiviral activity of this drug using in silico molecular dynamics and molecular docking; in this regard, caffeine might block the viral entrance into host cells by inhibiting the formation of a receptor-binding domain and the angiotensin-converting enzyme complex and, additionally, might reduce viral replication by the inhibition of the activity of 3-chymotrypsin-like proteases. Here, we discuss how caffeine through certain mechanisms of action could be beneficial in SARS-CoV-2. Nevertheless, further studies are required for validation through in vitro and in vivo models.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, caffeine, airway smooth muscle, immunomodulatory effects, antiviral activity, 【초록키워드】 Treatment, Anti-inflammatory, fatigue, COVID-19 pandemic, Infection, molecular docking, drug, molecular dynamics, in vitro, caffeine, airway smooth muscle, antiviral activity, in silico, airway, immunomodulator, Viral, Receptor-binding domain, viral replication, Awareness, Proteases, receptor, molecular, inhibitor, mechanism, adenosine, Angiotensin-converting enzyme, in vivo models, angiotensin, smooth muscle, host cells, host cell, receptor antagonist, Consumption, complex, domain, chymotrypsin, specific treatment, wakefulness, Effect, effective, IMPROVE, addition, required, increase, suggested, reduce, inhibiting, reduce viral replication, 【제목키워드】 caffeine, Action,