Abstract
The recent spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SAR-CoV-2) and the accompanied coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has continued ceaselessly despite the implementations of popular measures, which include social distancing and outdoor face masking as recommended by the World Health Organization. Due to the unstable nature of the virus, leading to the emergence of new variants that are claimed to be more and rapidly transmissible, there is a need for further consideration of the alternative potential pathways of the virus transmissions to provide the needed and effective control measures. This review aims to address this important issue by examining the transmission pathways of SARS-CoV-2 via indirect contacts such as fomites and aerosols, extending to water, food, and other environmental compartments. This is essentially required to shed more light regarding the speculation of the virus spread through these media as the available information regarding this is fragmented in the literature. The existing state of the information on the presence and persistence of SARS-CoV-2 in water-food-environmental compartments is essential for cause-and-effect relationships of human interactions and environmental samples to safeguard the possible transmission and associated risks through these media. Furthermore, the integration of effective remedial measures previously used to tackle the viral outbreaks and pandemics, and the development of new sustainable measures targeting at monitoring and curbing the spread of SARS-CoV-2 were emphasized. This study concluded that alternative transmission pathways via human interactions with environmental samples should not be ignored due to the evolving of more infectious and transmissible SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Keywords: Environmental contamination; Persistent viral molecules; SARS-CoV-2; Virus transmission; Water-food safety.
【저자키워드】 SARS-CoV-2, virus transmission, environmental contamination, Persistent viral molecules, Water-food safety., 【초록키워드】 COVID-19, coronavirus disease, Coronavirus disease 2019, coronavirus, SAR-CoV-2, social distancing, variant, media, risk, Transmission, virus transmission, severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus, virus, Aerosols, Spread, Measures, SARS-CoV-2 variants, persistence, implementation, pathway, Pandemics, persistent, infectious, information, food, Interaction, integration, Contact, Health Organization, water, World Health Organization, acute respiratory syndrome, acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, virus spread, measure, transmission pathways, speculation, viral outbreak, transmission pathway, effective, include, required, accompanied, claimed, face masking, 【제목키워드】 knowledge, persistence, Research, monitoring, state,