We profiled adaptive immunity in COVID-19 patients with active infection or after recovery and created a repository of currently >14 million B and T cell receptor (BCR and TCR) sequences from the blood of these patients. The B cell response showed converging IGHV3-driven BCR clusters closely associated with SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Clonality and skewing of TCR repertoires were associated with interferon type I and III responses, early CD4 + and CD8 + T cell activation, and counterregulation by the co-receptors BTLA, Tim-3, PD-1, TIGIT, and CD73. Tfh, Th17-like, and nonconventional (but not classical antiviral) Th1 cell polarizations were induced. SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses were driven by TCR clusters shared between patients with a characteristic trajectory of clonotypes and traceability over the disease course. Our data provide fundamental insight into adaptive immunity to SARS-CoV-2 with the actively updated repository providing a resource for the scientific community urgently needed to inform therapeutic concepts and vaccine development. Highlights • Convergent B cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 epitopes are predominantly naive • Shared T cell clusters emerge over disease course in recovering COVID-19 patients • A receptor sequence repository from COVID-19 patients is established for public use It is unclear how immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 differ in patients with mild versus severe COVID-19 disease. Schultheiß et al. define specific immune receptor sequences associated with different disease courses and established an actively updated sequence repository for public use.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, interferon, cytokine profile, B cell repertoire, SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody, T cell repertoire, T cell receptor clusters, immunoglobulin heavy chain, T cell compartments,