Abstract
The outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused the unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic, which has infected over 178 million people worldwide. Even with new vaccines, global herd immunity will not be reached soon. New cases and viral variants are being reported at an alarming rate. Effective antiviral treatment is urgently needed. Patients with severe COVID-19 suffer from life-threatening respiratory failure due to acute respiratory distress syndrome in their lungs, a leading cause of COVID-19 mortality. This lung hyper-inflammation is induced by virus-caused massive tissue damage that is associated with uncontrolled cytokine release, known as a cytokine storm, through JAK/STAT signaling pathways. Here, we review the FDA-approved JAK inhibitors that are being clinically evaluated and repurposed for the treatment of patients with severe COVID-19 by calming SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Keywords: COVID-19; Drug discovery; SARS-CoV-2.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Drug discovery, 【초록키워드】 Treatment, SARS-CoV-2, Cytokine storm, coronavirus, Drug discovery, Respiratory failure, severe COVID-19, acute respiratory distress syndrome, Immunity, Vaccines, SARS-COV-2 infection, COVID-19 pandemic, lung, drug, Antiviral treatment, severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus, outbreak, herd immunity, Lungs, Patient, Viral variants, hyper-inflammation, jak inhibitors, viral variant, JAK inhibitor, acute respiratory distress, STAT, Pathways, COVID-19 mortality, respiratory distress, acute respiratory syndrome, acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, tissue damage, acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, syndrome, life-threatening, effective antiviral treatment, cytokine release, JAK/STAT signaling, caused, reported, reached, New, clinically evaluated, 【제목키워드】 Signaling, JAK2/STAT3, the cytokine storm,