Abstract
Coronaviruses (CoVs) are a large family of respiratory viruses which can cause mild to moderate upper respiratory tract infections. Recently, new coronavirus named as Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been identified which is a major threat to public health. Innate immune responses play a vital role in a host’s defence against viruses. Interestingly, CoVs have evolved elaborate strategies to evade the complex system of sensors and signalling molecules to suppress host immunity. SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease (PLpro), as an important coronavirus enzyme, regulates viral spread and innate immune responses. SCoV-2 PLpro is multifunctional enzyme with deubiquitinating (DUB) and deISGylating activity. The PLpro can interact with key regulators in signalling pathways such as STING, NF-κB, cytokine production, MAPK and TGF-β and hijack those to block the immune responses. Therefore, the PLpro can be as an important target for the treatment of COVID-19. Until now, several drugs or compounds have been identified that can inhibit PLpro activity. Here we discuss about the dysregulation effects of PLpro on immune system and drugs that have potential inhibitors for SCoV-2 PLpro.
Keywords: COVID-19; DeISGylating; deubiquitinating; papain-like protease; severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, Papain-like protease, DeISGylating, deubiquitinating, 【초록키워드】 Treatment, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, viruses, public health, SARS-CoV-2, coronavirus, immune response, drug, immune system, protease, severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus, viral spread, Respiratory tract infections, respiratory viruses, Papain-like protease, infections, respiratory virus, immune responses, pathway, Mild, CoV, molecules, PLPro, inhibitor, upper respiratory tract, moderate, STING, cytokine production, NF-κB, New coronavirus, TGF-β, Innate, MAPK, regulate, Pathways, dysregulation, mild to moderate, complex system, acute respiratory syndrome, treatment of COVID-19, acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, enzyme, host immunity, complex, Compound, upper respiratory tract infections, CoVs, Papain, innate immune responses, Host, Effect, inhibit, evade, suppress, multifunctional, DUB, 【제목키워드】 Treatment, immune, drug target, SARS Coronavirus,