Abstract
Background: There is currently no evidence suggesting that COVID-19 takes a different course in HIV-positive patients on antiretroviral treatment compared to the general population. However, little is known about the relation between specific HIV-related factors and the severity of the COVID-19 disease.
Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of cases collected through an on-line survey distributed by the Euroguidelines in Central and Eastern Europe Network Group. In statistical analyses characteristics of HIV-positive patients, asymptomatic/moderate and moderate/severe course were compared.
Results: In total 34 HIV-positive patients diagnosed with COVID-19 were reported by 12 countries (Estonia, Czech Republic, Lithuania, Albania, Belarus, Romania, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Poland, Russia, Hungary, Bulgaria). Asymptomatic courses of COVID-19 were reported in four (12%) cases, 11 (32%) patients presented with mild disease not requiring hospitalization, moderate disease with respiratory and/or systemic symptoms was observed in 14 (41%) cases, and severe disease with respiratory failure was found in five (15%) patients. The HIV-related characteristics of patients with an asymptomatic/mild course of COVID-19 were comparable to those with a moderate/severe course of COVID-19, except for the use of non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) in cART regimen (0.0% vs. 31.6% respectively, p = 0.0239).
Conclusions: In our analyses HIV viral suppression and immunological status were not associated with the course of COVID-19 disease. On the contrary the cART regimen could contribute to severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Large and prospective studies are necessary to further investigate this relationship.
Keywords: Antiretroviral therapy; COVID-19; HIV; Protease inhibitors; SARS-CoV-2.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, HIV, protease inhibitors, Antiretroviral therapy, 【초록키워드】 Treatment, SARS-CoV-2, Europe, Respiratory failure, Hospitalization, SARS-COV-2 infection, severity, Prospective Study, Russia, Poland, protease inhibitors, COVID-19 disease, Viral, Characteristics, Asymptomatic, Antiretroviral therapy, Patient, Retrospective analysis, network, General population, Romania, respiratory, group, inhibitor, patients, Mild disease, Evidence, Analysis, severe disease, statistical analysis, Estonia, regimen, except for, reverse transcriptase, Czech Republic, Hungary, Factor, moderate disease, contrary, nucleoside, Lithuania, transcriptase, antiretroviral, country, FIVE, immunological, Albania, Bulgaria, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, Course, performed, collected, reported, contribute, comparable, characteristics of patient, diagnosed with COVID-19, systemic symptom, with mild disease, 【제목키워드】 Europe, Characteristics, Patient, Course,