Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to propose a simple, accessible and low-cost predictive clinical model to detect lung lesions due to COVID-19 infection.
Design: This prospective cohort study included COVID-19 survivors hospitalised between 30 March 2020 and 31 August 2020 followed-up 6 months after hospital discharge. The pulmonary function was assessed using the modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) dyspnoea scale, oximetry (SpO 2 ), spirometry (forced vital capacity (FVC)) and chest X-ray (CXR) during an in-person consultation. Patients with abnormalities in at least one of these parameters underwent chest CT. mMRC scale, SpO 2 , FVC and CXR findings were used to build a machine learning model for lung lesion detection on CT.
Setting: A tertiary hospital in Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Participants: 749 eligible RT-PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2-infected patients aged ≥18 years.
Primary outcome measure: A predictive clinical model for lung lesion detection on chest CT.
Results: There were 470 patients (63%) that had at least one sign of pulmonary involvement and were eligible for CT. Almost half of them (48%) had significant pulmonary abnormalities, including ground-glass opacities, parenchymal bands, reticulation, traction bronchiectasis and architectural distortion. The machine learning model, including the results of 257 patients with complete data on mMRC, SpO 2 , FVC, CXR and CT, accurately detected pulmonary lesions by the joint data of CXR, mMRC scale, SpO 2 and FVC (sensitivity, 0.85±0.08; specificity, 0.70±0.06; F1-score, 0.79±0.06 and area under the curve, 0.80±0.07).
Conclusion: A predictive clinical model based on CXR, mMRC, oximetry and spirometry data can accurately screen patients with lung lesions after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Given that these examinations are highly accessible and low cost, this protocol can be automated and implemented in different countries for early detection of COVID-19 sequelae.
Keywords: COVID-19; chest imaging; respiratory medicine (see thoracic medicine).
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, respiratory medicine (see thoracic medicine), chest imaging, 【초록키워드】 Brazil, protocol, SARS-COV-2 infection, hospital, lung, spirometry, outcome, prospective cohort study, RT-PCR, sensitivity, specificity, Pulmonary function, Ground-glass opacities, Chest CT, COVID-19 infection, Chest, Early detection, Patient, automated, chest X-ray, Dyspnoea, chest imaging, Thoracic, CXR, bronchiectasis, forced vital capacity, Predictive, Medical Research Council, lung lesion, vital capacity, lung lesions, oximetry, reticulation, hospital discharge, pulmonary involvement, Abnormalities, pulmonary lesions, e parameters, abnormality, mMRC, survivor, parameter, Complete, hospitalised, country, joint, architectural distortion, traction bronchiectasis, detect, were used, pulmonary lesion, build, eligible, FVC, parenchymal, SARS-CoV-2-infected patient, 【제목키워드】 chronic, Predictive,