Abstract
Objectives: Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), the reference laboratory method of confirmed SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis, though requiring equipment, is time-consuming. There is a crucial demand for rapid techniques such as antigen detection test during the pandemic. This study assessed whether a rapid antigen detection (RAD) test was an effective and essential method for the early diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) during the COVID-19 pandemic. The probability of public screening at home and the application of RAD during the novel SARS-CoV-2 outbreak were also topics of interest.
Methods: A retrospective analysis based on the systemic screening for COVID-19 was conducted at Taipei City Hospital (TCH) from May 28 to June 06, 2021, the first week of outbreak in Taiwan. The results of the RAD and RT-PCR tests were collected from 5 major branches of the TCH.
Results: We collected a total number of 6368 cases. We found that the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy ranged from 60.5% to 78.6% (mean 66.0%), 98.2% to 99.9% (mean 99.0%), 74.4% to 97.8% (mean 82.8%), 94.0% to 98.4% (mean 97.5%), and 93.8% to 98.3% (mean 94.2%), respectively. Although the sensitivity score was not high (up to 95% or higher), the other results were satisfactory, with an accuracy of more than 93% in all branches. Furthermore, it had high specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy.
Conclusion: We concluded that RAD could be a quick and feasible method to identify individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 from non-contagious individuals during the COVID-19 outbreak. A RAD test was an effective and essential method for the early diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Keywords: COVID-19; outbreak; pandemic; polymerase chain reaction; rapid antigen detection; rapid antigen test; rapid test; screening; severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, pandemic, Screening, polymerase chain reaction, Rapid antigen detection, rapid antigen test, Rapid test, outbreak, 【초록키워드】 SARS-CoV-2, coronavirus, equipment, COVID-19 pandemic, Diagnosis, severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus, RT-PCR, Predictive value, Laboratory, Antigen, Probability, early diagnosis, polymerase chain reaction, sensitivity, specificity, Positive predictive value, COVID-19 outbreak, Rapid test, Accuracy, Retrospective analysis, Taiwan, antigen detection, RT-PCR test, Negative predictive value, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, Chain Reaction, RT-PCR tests, acute respiratory syndrome, not high, acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, city, individual, effective, polymerase chain, identify, collected, conducted, feasible, ranged, time-consuming, infected with SARS-CoV-2, NPV, PPV, Taipei, 【제목키워드】 SARS-CoV-2, Test, Rapid,