Abstract
Nucleic acid therapeutics are developing into precise medicines that can manipulate specific genes. However, the development of safe and effective delivery system for the target cells has remained a challenge. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have provided a revolutionary delivery system that can ensure multiple clinical translation of RNA-based candidates. In 2018, Patisiran (Onpattro) was first approved as an LNP-based siRNA drug. In 2020, during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, LNPs have enabled the development of two SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines, Tozinameran (Comirnaty or Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine) and Elasomeran (Spikevax or COVID-19 vaccine Moderna) for conditional approval. Here, we reviewed the state-of-the-art LNP technology employed in three approved drugs (one siRNA-based and two mRNA-based drugs) and discussed the differences in their mode of action, formulation design, and biodistribution.
Keywords: COVID-19; COVID-19 vaccine moderna; Elasomeran; Ionizable lipid; LNP; Lipid nanoparticles; Patisiran; SARS-CoV-2; Tozinameran; mRNA vaccine.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 vaccine moderna, Elasomeran, Ionizable lipid, LNP, Lipid nanoparticles, Patisiran, Tozinameran, 【초록키워드】 coronavirus disease, Coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19 vaccine, translation, mRNA vaccine, drugs, Lipid nanoparticles, Patisiran, mRNA vaccines, Medicine, outbreak, siRNA, Pfizer-BioNTech, Moderna, biodistribution, Lipid, Safe, target cells, target cell, approved drug, Candidates, approval, Onpattro, Genes, effective delivery, remained, approved, provided, mRNA-based, 【제목키워드】 drug, mRNA, siRNA, difference, approved,