Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the incidence of certain symptoms in a population of health workers exposed to coronavirus disease 2019 patients.
Study design: Case-control study.
Methods: The study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital from March 1 to April 7, 2020. Health workers with suspected coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection were included. The presence of COVID-19 was detected by using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) methods. Positive and negative RT-PCR patients were used as case and control groups, respectively. This study analyzed the incidence of COVID-19 symptoms in both patient groups. Visual analog scales were used for self-assessment of smell and taste disorders, ranging from 0 (no perception) to 10 (excellent perception).
Results: There were 215 (60.6%) patients with positive RT-PCR and 140 (39.4%) patients with negative RT-PCR. The presence of symptoms such as hyposmia hypogeusia, dysthermia, and cough were strongly associated with a positive RT-PCR. The association of cough and subjective hyposmia had 5.46 times higher odds of having a positive test. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that a fever higher than 37.45°C resulted in sensitivity and specificity of 0.65 and 0.61, respectively. A total of 138 cases (64.1%) and 114 cases (53%) had subjective hyposmia and hypogeusia, respectively. The 85.4% of these patients recovered olfactory function within the first 14 days of the onset of the symptoms.
Conclusion: There is a significant association between positive RT-PCR and subjective hyposmia. The association of subjective hyposmia and cough increase significantly the odds of having a positive RT-PCR. The measurement of fever as the only method for screening of COVID-19 infection resulted in a poor association.
Level of evidence: 3 Laryngoscope, 130:2674-2679, 2020.
Keywords: Hyposmia, hypogeusia, COVID-19, odds ratio, incidence, ROC.
【저자키워드】 Hyposmia, hypogeusia, COVID-19, odds ratio, incidence, ROC., 【초록키워드】 COVID-19, coronavirus disease, Coronavirus disease 2019, health workers, hospital, Infection, Symptom, cough, RT-PCR, Symptoms, polymerase chain reaction, ROC, Sensitivity and specificity, COVID-19 infection, real-time polymerase chain reaction, Fever, Patient, incidence, characteristic, COVID-19 symptoms, Care, patients, case-control study, association, positive RT-PCR, Hyposmia, Analysis, health worker, Odds ratio, Visual, receiver operating characteristic, Chain Reaction, olfactory function, self-assessment, Hypogeusia, disorders, patient groups, control groups, Positive test, negative RT-PCR, polymerase chain, Laryngoscope, Visual analog scales, analyzed, evaluate, significantly, conducted, were used, Level, higher odd, incidence of COVID-19, 【제목키워드】 COVID-19, Prospective, value, Suspected, Subjective,