Pre-existing immunity to seasonal endemic coronaviruses could have profound consequences for antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2, induced from natural infection or vaccination. A first step to establish whether pre-existing responses can impact SARS-CoV-2 infection is to understand the nature and extent of cross-reactivity in humans to coronaviruses. Here we compare serum antibody and memory B cell responses to coronavirus spike proteins from pre-pandemic and SARS-CoV-2 convalescent donors using binding and functional assays. We show weak evidence of pre-existing SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive serum antibodies in pre-pandemic donors. However, we find evidence of pre-existing cross-reactive memory B cells that are activated during SARS-CoV-2 infection. Monoclonal antibodies show varying degrees of cross-reactivity with betacoronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-1 and endemic coronaviruses. We identify one cross-reactive neutralizing antibody specific to the S2 subunit of the S protein. Our results suggest that pre-existing immunity to endemic coronaviruses should be considered in evaluating antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2. Pre-existing immune responses between antigenically related viruses can influence responses in viral infections or vaccinations. Here the authors assess and characterize the presence of antibody and memory B cell populations specific to SARS-CoV2 and endemic human coronaviruses.
【저자키워드】 antibodies, SARS-CoV-2, viral infection, B cells, 【초록키워드】 neutralizing antibody, Coronaviruses, coronavirus, SARS-CoV2, immune response, vaccination, Immunity, S protein, antibody, SARS-COV-2 infection, Antibody Response, Human, Infection, memory B cells, monoclonal antibodies, SARS-CoV-1, viral infections, cross-reactivity, Antibody responses, immune responses, response, coronavirus spike protein, serum antibody, donors, convalescent, natural infection, S2 subunit, pre-existing immunity, memory B cell, Donor, binding, betacoronaviruses, Evidence, Endemic, Vaccinations, cross-reactive, evidence of, serum antibodies, coronavirus spike proteins, cell population, endemic human coronaviruses, Cell, consequence, memory B, identify, assays, functional, activated, in viral, the S protein, related virus, 【제목키워드】 Coronavirus infection, Spike protein, serum, response, Endemic, memory B-cell,