SARS-CoV-2 vaccination has been launched worldwide to build effective population-level immunity to curb the spread of this virus. The effectiveness and duration of protective immunity is a critical factor for public health. Here, we report the kinetics of the SARS-CoV-2 specific immune response in 204 individuals up to 1-year after recovery from COVID-19. RBD-IgG and full-length spike-IgG concentrations and serum neutralizing capacity decreases during the first 6-months, but is maintained stably up to 1-year after hospital discharge. Even individuals who had generated high IgG levels during early convalescent stages had IgG levels that had decreased to a similar level one year later. Notably, the RBD-IgG level positively correlates with serum neutralizing capacity, suggesting the representative role of RBD-IgG in predicting serum protection. Moreover, viral-specific cellular immune protection, including spike and nucleoprotein specific, persisted between 6 months and 12 months. Altogether, our study supports the persistence of viral-specific protective immunity over 1 year. The quality of immune response to SARS-CoV-2 is thought to wane over time, but it is unclear how long it can persist. Here the authors show persistent immune responses in a large number of patients over the course of a 1-year follow-up from the time of recovery from COVID-19.
【저자키워드】 viral infection, Antimicrobial responses, 【초록키워드】 COVID-19, public health, SARS-CoV-2, immune response, Immunity, virus, Spread, serum, Kinetics, protective immunity, persistence, immune responses, Patient, Effectiveness, convalescent stage, neutralizing capacity, Follow-up, Critical, SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, immune protection, cellular, Concentration, Support, individual, hospital discharge, IgG levels, full-length, serum neutralizing capacity, effective, decrease, thought, Course, build, IgG level, the SARS-CoV-2, 【제목키워드】 SARS-CoV-2, Cellular immune response, humoral,