Abstract Most individuals infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) develop neutralizing antibodies that target the viral spike protein. In this study, we quantified how levels of these antibodies change in the months after SARS-CoV-2 infection by examining longitudinal samples collected approximately 30–152 days after symptom onset from a prospective cohort of 32 recovered individuals with asymptomatic, mild, or moderate-severe disease. Neutralizing antibody titers declined an average of about 4-fold from 1 to 4 months after symptom onset. This decline in neutralizing antibody titers was accompanied by a decline in total antibodies capable of binding the viral spike protein or its receptor-binding domain. Importantly, our data are consistent with the expected early immune response to viral infection, where an initial peak in antibody levels is followed by a decline to a lower plateau. Additional studies of long-lived B cells and antibody titers over longer time frames are necessary to determine the durability of immunity to SARS-CoV-2. After severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, neutralizing antibody titers peak about 1 month after symptom onset, then decline about 4-fold over the next 2–3 months, with dynamics typical of immune responses to other respiratory viruses.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Neutralizing antibodies, spike, RBD, Antibody dynamics, 【초록키워드】 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, neutralizing antibody, viral infection, coronavirus, immune response, Immunity, Neutralizing antibodies, antibody, SARS-COV-2 infection, Infection, B cells, severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus, Spike protein, B cell, respiratory viruses, Viral, Receptor-binding domain, Asymptomatic, immune responses, Antibody titer, Mild, antibody levels, respiratory, prospective cohort, total antibody, disease, Antibody titers, Neutralizing antibody titer, binding, Other respiratory viruses, followed by, time frames, symptom onset, viral spike protein, acute respiratory syndrome, Frame, acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, neutralizing antibody titers, individual, domain, average, fold, total antibodies, MOST, longitudinal samples, initial, collected, develop, determine, expected, quantified, declined, accompanied, moderate-severe, 【제목키워드】 Dynamics, coronavirus 2, titer, Month,