The nCOVID-19 pandemic initiated its course of contagion from the city of Wuhan and now it has spread all over the globe. SARS-CoV-2 is the causative virus and the infection as well as its symptoms are distributed across the multi-organ perimeters. Interactions between the host and virus governs the induction of ‘cytokine storm’ resulting various immunopathological consequences leading to death. Till now it has caused tens of millions of casualties and yet no credible cure has emerged to vision. This article presents a comprehensive overview on the two most promising remedial approaches that are being attempted for the management, treatment, and plausible cure of nCOVID-19. In this context, chemotherapeutic approach primarily aims to interrupt the interactions between the host and the virus causing inhibition of its entry into the host cell and/or its proliferation and suppressing the inflammatory milieu in the infected patients. On the other side, immunotherapeutic approaches aim to modulate the host immunity by fine tuning the inflammatory signaling cascades to achieve phylaxis from the virus and restoring immune-homeostasis. Considering most of the path-breaking findings, combinatorial therapy involving of chemotherapeutics as well as vaccine could usher to be a hope for all of us to eradicate the crisis
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, ACE2, Vaccines, immunomodulation, HIV, Human immunodeficiency virus, drugs, RBD, receptor-binding domain, Spike protein, RdRp, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, TMPRSS2, transmembrane protease, serine 2, ERGIC, ER-Golgi intermediate compartment, IFN, interferon, JAK, Janus kinase, ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome, GM-CSF, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, IL, interleukin, SARS, Severe acute respiratory syndrome, MERS, Middle East respiratory syndrome, WHO, World Health Organization, CT, Computed tomography, TNF, Tumor Necrosis Factor, LMWH, low molecular weight heparin, RA, Rheumatoid arthritis, TLR, GERD, gastroesophageal reflux disease, ATP, adenosine triphosphate, SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus, IMPDH, Inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase, RCT, Randomized controlled trial, AAK1, AP2-associated protein kinase 1, AZT, Azithromycin, STAT, signal transducers and activators of transcription, COVID19, Coronavirus disease, RT-PCR, Real-time fluorescence reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, FDA, Federal drug administration, RSV, Severe respiratory syncytial virus, CM, Camostat mesylate, SIC, Sepsis-induced coagulopathy, ARDS1, Acute respiratory distress syndrome1, PAMP, Pathogen associated molecular pattern molecules, IMQ, Imiquimod, BCG, Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccine, CSIR-IICT, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research’s Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, IMPDH1, Inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase1, GOIMHRD, Government of India Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, GERD1, Gastroesophageal reflux disease1, Plasma-therapy,