Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) worldwide is a major public health concern. Cancer patients are considered a vulnerable population to SARS-CoV-2 infection and may develop several COVID-19 symptoms. The heightened immunocompromised state, prolonged chronic pro-inflammatory milieu coupled with comorbid conditions are shared in both disease conditions and may influence patient outcome. Although ovarian cancer (OC) and COVID-19 are diseases of entirely different primary organs, both diseases share similar molecular and cellular characteristics in their microenvironment suggesting a potential cooperativity leading to poor outcome. In COVID-19 related cases, hospitalizations and deaths worldwide are lower in women than in males; however, comorbidities associated with OC may increase the COVID-19 risk in women. The women at the age of 50-60 years are at greater risk of developing OC as well as SARS-CoV-2 infection. Increased levels of gonadotropin and androgen, dysregulated renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), hyper-coagulation and chronic inflammation are common conditions observed among OC and severe cases of COVID-19. The upregulation of common inflammatory cytokines and chemokines such as tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, interferon-γ-inducible protein 10 (IP-10), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), among others in the sera of COVID-19 and OC subjects suggests potentially similar mechanism(s) involved in the hyper-inflammatory condition observed in both disease states. Thus, it is conceivable that the pathogenesis of OC may significantly contribute to the potential infection by SARS-CoV-2. Our understanding of the influence and mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 infection on OC is at an early stage and in this article, we review the underlying pathogenesis presented by various comorbidities of OC and correlate their influence on SARS-CoV-2 infection.
【저자키워드】 SARS-CoV-2, Inflammation, risk factor, Hormones, ovarian cancer, 【초록키워드】 COVID-19, coronavirus disease, public health, Necrosis, Macrophage, Tumor, Coronavirus disease 2019, coronavirus, Cytokines, Pathogenesis, Hospitalization, IL-6, SARS-COV-2 infection, Infection, Comorbidities, IP-10, interferon, Comorbidity, risk, chemokines, outcome, aldosterone, chemokine, monocyte, Protein, tumor necrosis factor, Characteristics, sera, hospitalizations, Patient, Cancer patients, death, severe cases, Immunocompromised, MCP-1, RAAS, chronic inflammation, age, Inflammatory cytokines, women, molecular, IL-10, disease, COVID-19 symptoms, early stage, mechanism, Inflammatory cytokine, TNF-α, IL-2, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, cellular, angiotensin, androgen, ovarian cancer, granulocyte, vulnerable population, tumor necrosis, macrophage colony-stimulating factor, tumor necrosis factor α, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, acute respiratory syndrome, Renin, among others, colony-stimulating factor, acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, subject, G-CSF, Severe case, upregulation, comorbid conditions, organs, microenvironment, pro-inflammatory, M-CSF, gonadotropin, greater, develop, caused, significantly, involved, condition, contribute, dysregulated, Increased, comorbid condition,