SARS-CoV-2 infects the respiratory tract and leads to the disease entity, COVID-19. Accordingly, the lungs bear the greatest pathologic burden with the major cause of death being respiratory failure. However, organs remote from the initial site of infection (e.g., kidney, heart) are not spared, particularly in severe and fatal cases. Emerging evidence indicates that an excessive inflammatory response coupled with a diminished antiviral defense is pivotal in the initiation and development of COVID-19. A common finding in autopsy specimens is the presence of thrombi in the lungs as well as remote organs, indicative of immunothrombosis. Herein, the role of SARS-CoV-2 in lung inflammation and associated sequelae are reviewed with an emphasis on immunothrombosis. In as much as vitamin D is touted as a supplement to conventional therapies of COVID-19, the impact of this vitamin at various junctures of COVID-19 pathogenesis is also addressed.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Cytokine storm, coronavirus, Vitamin D, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), Inflammasome, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), 【초록키워드】 therapy, Respiratory failure, Antiviral, Infection, lung, Autopsy, immunothrombosis, kidney, excessive inflammatory response, COVID-19 pathogenesis, death, respiratory tract, Evidence, Lung inflammation, specimen, organs, organ, Defense, infect, initial, pathologic, the disease, indicate, addressed, the lungs a, 【제목키워드】 Potential,