Abstract Cyclic GMP‐AMP (cGAMP) is an immunostimulatory molecule produced by cGAS that activates STING. cGAMP is an adjuvant when administered alongside antigens. cGAMP is also incorporated into enveloped virus particles during budding. Here, we investigate whether inclusion of cGAMP within viral vaccine vectors enhances their immunogenicity. We immunise mice with virus‐like particles (VLPs) containing HIV‐1 Gag and the vesicular stomatitis virus envelope glycoprotein G (VSV‐G). cGAMP loading of VLPs augments CD4 and CD8 T‐cell responses. It also increases VLP‐ and VSV‐G‐specific antibody titres in a STING‐dependent manner and enhances virus neutralisation, accompanied by increased numbers of T follicular helper cells. Vaccination with cGAMP‐loaded VLPs containing haemagglutinin induces high titres of influenza A virus neutralising antibodies and confers protection upon virus challenge. This requires cGAMP inclusion within VLPs and is achieved at markedly reduced cGAMP doses. Similarly, cGAMP loading of VLPs containing the SARS‐CoV‐2 Spike protein enhances Spike‐specific antibody titres. cGAMP‐loaded VLPs are thus an attractive platform for vaccination. cGAMP, a cyclic di‐nucleotide, is an adjuvant and activates STING. This study shows that cGAMP‐loaded virus‐like particles, designed to deliver antigen and cGAMP to the same antigen‐presenting cell, are an attractive platform for vaccination.
【저자키워드】 immunology, SARS‐CoV‐2, influenza A virus, Microbiology, Virology & Host Pathogen Interaction, type I interferon, cGAMP, Methods & Resources, viral vaccine vector, 【초록키워드】 Vaccine, vaccination, virus, CD4, Particle, Antigen, Protein, Virus neutralisation, cells, mice, vector, neutralising antibody, antigens, platform, vesicular stomatitis virus, VLP, Antibody titre, Particles, immunostimulatory, antibody titres, titre, SARS‐CoV‐2 spike, doses, Haemagglutinin, cyclic, VLPs, Administered, Inclusion, responses, Cell, ENhance, produced, reduced, virus particle, increase, induce, activate, accompanied, CD8 T‐cell, follicular, Gag, glycoprotein G, 【제목키워드】 Vaccine, ENhance,