Abstract
Background and purpose: Anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies (MOG-Abs) distinguish a group of inflammatory disorders which can be preceded by specific or non-specific infections. A few single cases have been reported in association with SARS-CoV-2 infection, but a specific study on the correlation between COVID-19 and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-associated disorder (MOGAD) has not yet been performed. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of the pandemic on this condition.
Methods: We analysed SARS-CoV-2 serology in patients newly diagnosed with MOGAD (1 August 2020 to 31 May 2021). MOG-Ab-seronegative age- and time-matched subjects were used as controls. SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels were analysed using an anti-SARS-CoV-2 US Food and Drug Administration-approved ELISA assay and confirmed with a trimeric anti-SARS-CoV-2 S1/S2 IgG immunochemiluminescent test, concomitantly assaying the anti-receptor binding domain (RBD) of spike protein IgG and anti-RBD total Ig. We actually compared the number of cases referred in each of the last 3 years.
Results: Presence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies was more common (12/30, 40%) in MOGAD patients than in controls (6/30, 20%), although the difference was not significant (p = 0.16; odds ratio 2.67, 95% confidence interval 0.85-9.17). The most common clinical presentations of MOGAD SARS-CoV-2-seropositive patients included optic neuritis (n = 6) and myelitis (n = 3). The number of diagnosed cases increased over the last 3 years, in particular, when including cases referred to us before the COVID-19 pandemic, in the initial phase of the first wave and in the late phase of the second wave (n = 9, rate 10.6% in 2019; n = 13, rate 12.3% in 2020; n = 15, rate 14.7% in 2021).
Conclusion: Our findings provide preliminary data on SARS-CoV-2 as a potential trigger of MOGAD.
Keywords: COVID-19; MOG; SARS-CoV-2; myelitis; optic neuritis.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Myelitis, MOG, optic neuritis., 【초록키워드】 IgG, pandemic, serology, antibody, SARS-COV-2 infection, COVID-19 pandemic, drug, anti-SARS-CoV-2, Spike protein, infections, Immunoglobulin, RBD, SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody, Patient, Control, second wave, age, glycoprotein, correlation, First wave, non-specific, ELISA assay, association, food, clinical presentation, Odds ratio, anti-RBD, not significant, inflammatory disorder, 95% confidence interval, subject, S1/S2, Preliminary data, binding domain, disorder, total Ig, late phase, controls, trimeric, initial, performed, reported, diagnosed, analysed, were used, determine, Presence, 【제목키워드】 correlation, disorder,