Antibody response induced by the boost overdose during COVID-19 heterologous prime-boost vaccination strategy

Abstract
Background: Measurement of anti-SARS-CoV-2 RBD Ig G antibody response is very important to define the dynamics of immunization in vaccine COVID-19 recipients.
Materials and methods: Sera from four BNT162b2 vaccine recipients who erroneously received vaccine overdose were analyzed at different time-points.
Results: At 6 days the serum increase of antibodies was analogous for the three SARS-CoV-2 naïve recipients. At 14 days the antibody level increased and reached a peak, though showing a different pattern among the three recipients. At 21 days the serum antibody level started to decrease from its maximum value. The data for the previously infected recipient were in agreement with values found in COVID-19 positive receivers. Thus, the prime-dose of vaccine was enough to elicit a significant antibody response.
Conclusions: In spite of the overdosage, this study confirms the efficiency of the BNT162b vaccine in eliciting a sustained antibody response as heterologous boost-vaccine in previously Oxford/AstraZeneca vaccinated recipients, as well as, prime-vaccine in COVID-19 infected receivers. Importantly, the humoral immune response of recipients was not proportional to the vaccine overdose. Nonetheless, we cannot portray a univocal effect of vaccine overdose concerning anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody response because the values found were highly heterogeneous.
Keywords: Anti-SARS-CoV-2 RBD Ig G antibody; Antibody response monitoring; BNT162b2 vaccine; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Vaccination; Vaccine overdose.